{"id":963,"date":"2020-06-08T17:08:35","date_gmt":"2020-06-08T14:08:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hukuk.name\/?p=963"},"modified":"2023-06-01T14:06:15","modified_gmt":"2023-06-01T14:06:15","slug":"manevi-tazminat-adalete-uygun-olmalidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/2020\/06\/08\/manevi-tazminat-adalete-uygun-olmalidir\/","title":{"rendered":"Manevi tazminat adalete uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Yarg\u0131tay 4. Hukuk Dairesi &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2019\/797 E. &nbsp;, &nbsp;2019\/6229 K.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&#8230;. davac\u0131lara yap\u0131lan sigorta \u00f6demelerinin g\u00fcncellemesi ile birlikte gerekli mahsup i\u015flemleri yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere akt\u00fcerya uzman\u0131 bilirki\u015fiden ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k ve denetime elveri\u015fli rapor al\u0131narak sonucuna g\u00f6re karar verilmesi &#8230;.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8230;. manevi zarar ad\u0131 ile hak sahibine verilmesine karar verece\u011fi bir para miktar\u0131 adalete uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r. H\u00fckmedilecek bu para, zarara u\u011frayanda manevi huzuru do\u011furmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek tazminata benzer bir fonksiyonu olan \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Davaya konu olay\u0131n olay\u0131n olu\u015f \u015fekli, taraflar\u0131n kusur oranlar\u0131, ekonomik ve sosyal durumlar\u0131, davac\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ma\u011fduriyetin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile yukar\u0131daki ilkeler birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde &#8230;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>&#8220;\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MAHKEMES\u0130 :Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesi<br><br>Davac\u0131lar &#8230; ve &#8230; vekili Avukat &#8230; taraf\u0131ndan, daval\u0131 &#8230; ve di\u011ferleri aleyhine 07\/11\/2008 g\u00fcn\u00fcnde verilen dilek\u00e7e ile trafik kazas\u0131 nedeniyle maddi ve manevi tazminat istenmesi \u00fczerine mahkemece yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama sonunda; davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne dair verilen 14\/04\/2016 g\u00fcnl\u00fc karar\u0131n Yarg\u0131tayda duru\u015fmal\u0131 olarak incelenmesi daval\u0131 &#8230; vekili, duru\u015fmas\u0131z olarak incelenmeside davac\u0131lar vekili ve daval\u0131 &#8230; taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcresi i\u00e7nide istenilmekle, daha \u00f6nceden belirlenen 25\/12\/2018 duru\u015fma g\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan tebligat \u00fczerine temyiz eden daval\u0131 &#8230; ad\u0131na gelen olmad\u0131. Kar\u015f\u0131 taraftan davac\u0131 vekili Avukat &#8230; geldi. A\u00e7\u0131k duru\u015fmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. S\u00fcresinde oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan temyiz dilek\u00e7elerinin kabul\u00fcne karar verildikten ve haz\u0131r bulunan\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 dinlendikten sonra tarafa duru\u015fman\u0131n bitti\u011fi bildirildi. Noksan ikmalinin ard\u0131ndan dosyan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmesine ge\u00e7ildi. Tetkik hakimi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan rapor ile dosya i\u00e7erisindeki ka\u011f\u0131tlar incelenerek gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fc.<br>1-Dosyadaki yaz\u0131lara, karar\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131tlarla yasaya uygun gerektirici nedenlere, \u00f6zellikle delillerin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde bir isabetsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclmemesine g\u00f6re daval\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00fcm, davac\u0131lar\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bendin kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan temyiz itirazlar\u0131 reddedilmelidir.<br>2-Davac\u0131lar\u0131n di\u011fer temyiz itirazlar\u0131na gelince;<br>Dava, trafik kazas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fan \u00f6l\u00fcm nedeniyle maddi ve manevi tazminat istemine ili\u015fkindir. Mahkemece, davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015f; karar, davac\u0131lar vekili ile daval\u0131 &#8230; vekili ve &#8230; taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmi\u015ftir.<br>Davac\u0131lar vekili, m\u00fcteveffa &#8230;&#8217;\u0131n davac\u0131 &#8230;\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu di\u011fer davac\u0131n\u0131n ise karde\u015fi oldu\u011funu, 05\/09\/2007 tarihinde meydana gelen trafik kazas\u0131 sonucu vefat etti\u011fini, davac\u0131 &#8230;&#8217;in ba\u015fka bir trafik kazas\u0131 sonucu beyninin bir k\u0131s\u0131m lobu al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in 25 ya\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6z\u00fcrl\u00fc hale geldi\u011fini, babalar\u0131n\u0131n da uzun y\u0131llar \u00f6nce vefat etti\u011fi i\u00e7in maddi ve manevi t\u00fcm ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 abisi m\u00fctevaffan\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, evin tek deste\u011fi olan o\u011flunun vefat\u0131 ile annesinin zor durumda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, daval\u0131lar\u0131n kusuru ile meydana gelen trafik kazas\u0131 nedeniyle olu\u015fan maddi ve manevi zararlar\u0131n\u0131n daval\u0131lardan tazmini isteminde bulunmu\u015ftur.<br>Daval\u0131 &#8230; vekili; davan\u0131n zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hi\u00e7bir uyar\u0131c\u0131 i\u015faret ve levha olmadan tamir i\u00e7in yol kenar\u0131nda bekleyen kamyonete \u00e7arpmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131namayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011funu, m\u00fcteveffan\u0131n arac\u0131nda yolcu olarak bulundu\u011funu, olayda kendisine atfedilebilir bir kusur bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek davan\u0131n reddi gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015ftur.<br>Daval\u0131 &#8230; vekili; daval\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan konumunda bulundu\u011funu, as\u0131l husumetin i\u015fverenine y\u00f6neltilmesi gerekti\u011fini, &#8230; i\u00e7in&nbsp;<mark>destekten<\/mark>&nbsp;<mark>yoksun<\/mark>&nbsp;<mark>kalma<\/mark>&nbsp;<mark>tazminat\u0131n\u0131n<\/mark>&nbsp;hesaplanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek davan\u0131n reddi gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015ftur.<br>Daval\u0131 &#8230; ise; olayda bir kusuru bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, davan\u0131n sigorta \u015firketine ihbar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirterek davan\u0131n reddi gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015ftur.<br>Mahkemece, davac\u0131lar\u0131n maddi tazminat istemi konusunda karar verilmesine yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, manevi tazminat isteminin ise k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne karar verilmi\u015ftir.<br>a)Anayasa ve Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7elendirilmesine ili\u015fkin genel kurallar i\u00e7ermektedir. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 141. maddesi \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn mahkemelerin her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kararlar\u0131 gerek\u00e7eli olarak yaz\u0131l\u0131r\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc amirdir. HMK\u2019n\u0131n 27. maddesinde ise hukuki dinlenilme hakk\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda, \u201cMahkemenin, a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 dikkate alarak de\u011ferlendirmesini ve kararlar\u0131n somut ve a\u00e7\u0131k olarak gerek\u00e7elendirilmesi\u201d d\u00fczenlenmektedir. HMK\u2019n\u0131n 297. maddesinin 1. f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (c) bendine g\u00f6re; \u201cTaraflar\u0131n iddia ve savunmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zeti, anla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 ve anla\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131 hususlar, \u00e7eki\u015fmeli vak\u0131alar hakk\u0131nda toplanan deliller, delillerin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi, sabit g\u00f6r\u00fclen vak\u0131alarla bunlardan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan sonu\u00e7 ve hukuki sebepleri kararda g\u00f6sterilmelidir\u201d.<br>Dosyadaki bilgi ve belgelerden; davac\u0131 &#8230; i\u00e7in sigorta \u015firketlerince yap\u0131lan \u00f6demelerin maddi tazminat talepleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de\u011ferlendirmesinin mahkeme h\u00e2kimi taraf\u0131ndan re\u2019sen yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmakta ise de bu \u00f6demelerin g\u00fcncellemesinin yap\u0131l\u0131p yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa ne \u015fekilde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tam olarak anla\u015f\u0131lamamaktad\u0131r. <strong>Sigorta \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan verilen paray\u0131 tazminat hesab\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden \u00f6nce alan davac\u0131lar, bu paran\u0131n tazminat hesab\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcne kadar i\u015fleyen yasal faizi kadar kazan\u0131m sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131ndan; zarar ve yarar\u0131n denkle\u015ftirilmesi ilkesi gere\u011fince, sigorta \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan \u00f6demenin, tazminat hesab\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcne kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcreye ili\u015fkin yasal faizinin hesaplanmas\u0131 suretiyle g\u00fcncelleme yap\u0131larak hesaplanan tazminattan indirilmesi gerekir. Nitekim bu husus Hukuk Genel Kurulunun 2011\/4-824 esas ve 2012\/134 karar say\u0131l\u0131 ilam\u0131nda da belirtilmi\u015ftir. \u015eu halde; davac\u0131lara yap\u0131lan sigorta \u00f6demelerinin g\u00fcncellemesi ile birlikte gerekli mahsup i\u015flemleri yap\u0131lmak \u00fczere akt\u00fcerya uzman\u0131 bilirki\u015fiden ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k ve denetime elveri\u015fli rapor al\u0131narak sonucuna g\u00f6re karar verilmek \u00fczere h\u00fckm\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131 gerekmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><br>b) Olay tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte bulunan Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 47. maddesi (T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u2019nun 56.) h\u00fckm\u00fcne g\u00f6re h\u00e2kimin \u00f6zel halleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutarak <strong>manevi zarar ad\u0131 ile hak sahibine verilmesine karar verece\u011fi bir para miktar\u0131 adalete uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r. H\u00fckmedilecek bu para, zarara u\u011frayanda manevi huzuru do\u011furmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek tazminata benzer bir fonksiyonu olan \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131r. Bir ceza olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hukukuna ili\u015fkin bir zarar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 da ama\u00e7 edinmemi\u015ftir. O halde bu&nbsp;<mark>tazminat\u0131n<\/mark>&nbsp;s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 onun amac\u0131na g\u00f6re belirlenmelidir.<\/strong> Takdir edilecek miktar, mevcut halde elde edilmek istenilen tatmin duygusunun etkisine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gerekli olan kadar olmal\u0131d\u0131r. <strong>22\/06\/1966 g\u00fcnl\u00fc ve 7\/7 say\u0131l\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay \u0130\u00e7tihad\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinde takdir olunacak manevi&nbsp;<mark>tazminat\u0131n<\/mark>&nbsp;tutar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyecek \u00f6zel hal ve \u015fartlar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir.<\/strong> Bunlar her olaya g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011finden hakim bu konuda takdir hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rken ona etkili olan nedenleri de karar yerinde objektif \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclere g\u00f6re isabetli bir bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6stermelidir.<br><strong>Davaya konu olay\u0131n olay\u0131n olu\u015f \u015fekli, taraflar\u0131n kusur oranlar\u0131, ekonomik ve sosyal durumlar\u0131, davac\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ma\u011fduriyetin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile yukar\u0131daki ilkeler birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde davac\u0131lar yarar\u0131na h\u00fckmedilen manevi tazminat miktar\u0131 az olmu\u015ftur, daha \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde manevi tazminata h\u00fckmedilmek \u00fczere karar\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 gerekmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><br>SONU\u00c7: Temyiz edilen karar\u0131n yukar\u0131da (2\/a,b) nolu bentlerde g\u00f6sterilen nedenlerle davac\u0131lar yarar\u0131na BOZULMASINA, daval\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00fcm, davac\u0131lar\u0131n di\u011fer temyiz itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n ilk bentte g\u00f6sterilen nedenlerle reddine ve davac\u0131lar yarar\u0131na takdir olunan 1.630,00 TL duru\u015fma avukatl\u0131k \u00fccretinin daval\u0131 &#8230;&#8217;a y\u00fckletilmesine, davac\u0131lardan pe\u015fin al\u0131nan harc\u0131n istek halinde geri verilmesine 23\/12\/2019 g\u00fcn\u00fcnde oy birli\u011fiyle karar verildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yarg\u0131tay 4. Hukuk Dairesi &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2019\/797 E. &nbsp;, &nbsp;2019\/6229 K. &#8220;\u0130\u00e7tihat Metni&#8221; MAHKEMES\u0130 :Asliye Hukuk Mahkemesi Davac\u0131lar &#8230; ve &#8230; vekili Avukat &#8230; taraf\u0131ndan, daval\u0131 &#8230; ve di\u011ferleri aleyhine 07\/11\/2008 g\u00fcn\u00fcnde verilen dilek\u00e7e ile trafik kazas\u0131 nedeniyle maddi ve manevi tazminat istenmesi \u00fczerine mahkemece yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama sonunda; davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne dair verilen 14\/04\/2016 g\u00fcnl\u00fc karar\u0131n Yarg\u0131tayda [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1930,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-963","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-maddi-manevi-tazminat","category-trafik-kazasi-tazminatlari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=963"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2038,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963\/revisions\/2038"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}