T\u00fcrk icra ve iflas hukukunda cebri icra organlar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla alaca\u011f\u0131n tahsili, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n usul\u00fcne uygun \u015fekilde takip ba\u015flatmas\u0131 ve bu takibin kesinle\u015fmesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Takibin kesinle\u015fmesini m\u00fcteakip alacakl\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan en \u00f6nemli a\u015fama ise bor\u00e7lunun mal, hak ve alacaklar\u0131 \u00fczerine haciz konulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak kanun koyucu, alacakl\u0131ya tan\u0131nan haciz isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir zaman dilimine yaymam\u0131\u015f, kamu d\u00fczeni ve hukuki g\u00fcvenlik ilkeleri gere\u011fince belirli bir s\u00fcre ile s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Haciz isteme s\u00fcresi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu m\u00fcessese, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n takibi makul bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fctmesini zorunlu k\u0131larak bor\u00e7lunun s\u00fcresiz bir tehdit alt\u0131nda kalmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemeyi ve icra dairelerinin i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc hafifletmeyi ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.
\nHaciz isteme s\u00fcresine ili\u015fkin temel yasal d\u00fczenleme, 2004 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu’nun 78. maddesinde yer almaktad\u0131r. An\u0131lan madde uyar\u0131nca alacakl\u0131, \u00f6deme emrinin bor\u00e7luya tebli\u011finden itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde haciz talebinde bulunmak zorundad\u0131r. \u0130lams\u0131z icra takiplerinde \u00f6deme emrinin tebli\u011f tarihi esas al\u0131n\u0131rken, ilaml\u0131 icra takiplerinde ise icra emrinin tebli\u011fi tarihi zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve haciz isteme s\u00fcresinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Bir y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre hak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc nitelikte olup icra m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan re’sen g\u00f6zetilmek mecburiyetindedir. S\u00fcrenin hesab\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu’nun genel h\u00fck\u00fcmleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde yap\u0131l\u0131r ve s\u00fcrenin son g\u00fcn\u00fc resm\u00ee tatile rastlarsa, tatili takip eden ilk i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc mesai bitimine kadar s\u00fcre uzar.
\nHaciz isteme s\u00fcresinin i\u015flemesini durduran veya kesen birtak\u0131m hukuki haller mevcuttur. Bor\u00e7lunun takibe itiraz etmesi durumunda, itiraz\u0131n alacakl\u0131ya tebli\u011finden itiraz\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmden kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 veya iptali davas\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131na kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre haciz isteme s\u00fcresinin hesab\u0131nda dikkate al\u0131nmaz. Yarg\u0131tay’\u0131n yerle\u015fik i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, takibin durdu\u011fu safhalarda alacakl\u0131n\u0131n haciz isteme imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bu s\u00fcrelerin alacakl\u0131 aleyhine i\u015flemesi usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k te\u015fkil eder. Ayr\u0131ca taraflar\u0131n icra dairesinde taksit s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yapmalar\u0131 halinde de taksitlerin devam\u0131 s\u00fcresince haciz isteme s\u00fcresi durmaktad\u0131r. Alacakl\u0131n\u0131n usul\u00fcne uygun olarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 her ge\u00e7erli haciz talebi ise s\u00fcreyi keser ve yeni bir y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre bu i\u015flem tarihinden itibaren yeniden i\u015flemeye ba\u015flar.
\nKanuni s\u00fcre olan bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde haciz istenmemesi veya yap\u0131lan haciz talebinin geri al\u0131nmas\u0131ndan sonra bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda yeni bir talepte bulunulmamas\u0131 halinde takip dosyas\u0131 i\u015flemden kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Dosyan\u0131n i\u015flemden kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 takibi tamamen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmemekle birlikte, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n haciz yapabilme yetkisini ask\u0131ya al\u0131r. Bu durumda alacakl\u0131, takibi yeniden canland\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla yenileme talebinde bulunmak zorundad\u0131r. Yenileme talebi bor\u00e7luya tebli\u011f edilmedik\u00e7e yeniden haciz istenmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u0130laml\u0131 takiplerde yenileme harc\u0131 al\u0131nmazken, ilams\u0131z takiplerde har\u00e7 \u00f6denmesi gereklili\u011fi doktrin ve uygulamada tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z kabul edilmektedir. \u0130cra m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00fcresi ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen haciz talebini kabul ederek i\u015flem yapmas\u0131 halinde, bor\u00e7lu bu hususu s\u00fcresiz \u015fik\u00e2yet yoluyla icra mahkemesine ta\u015f\u0131yarak haczin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir.
\nSonu\u00e7 olarak, haciz isteme s\u00fcresi, T\u00fcrk icra hukukunda alacakl\u0131n\u0131n hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile bor\u00e7lunun m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ve hukuki dinlenilme hakk\u0131 aras\u0131nda hassas bir denge kurmaktad\u0131r. \u0130cra ve \u0130flas Kanunu’nun 78. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen bir y\u0131ll\u0131k hak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc s\u00fcre, alacakl\u0131y\u0131 takibini basiretli bir tacir ve alacakl\u0131 gibi takip etmeye zorlarken, takipsiz b\u0131rak\u0131lan dosyalar\u0131n icra sisteminde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hantall\u0131\u011f\u0131n da \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mektedir. Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131yla da bi\u00e7imlenen bu kurala riayet edilmesi, haciz i\u015flemlerinin ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi ve icra takibinin s\u0131hhati bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hayati bir \u00f6neme haizdir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00fcrk icra ve iflas hukukunda cebri icra organlar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla alaca\u011f\u0131n tahsili, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n usul\u00fcne uygun \u015fekilde takip ba\u015flatmas\u0131 ve bu takibin kesinle\u015fmesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Takibin kesinle\u015fmesini m\u00fcteakip alacakl\u0131n\u0131n alaca\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan en \u00f6nemli a\u015fama ise bor\u00e7lunun mal, hak ve alacaklar\u0131 \u00fczerine haciz konulmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak kanun koyucu, alacakl\u0131ya tan\u0131nan haciz isteme hakk\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir zaman dilimine yaymam\u0131\u015f, kamu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3102,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-icra-hukuku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3103"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3103\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}