{"id":2798,"date":"2026-07-11T12:01:42","date_gmt":"2026-07-11T12:01:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/?p=2798"},"modified":"2026-07-11T12:01:44","modified_gmt":"2026-07-11T12:01:44","slug":"konkordato-surecinin-karsiliksiz-cek-sucuna-etkisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/2026\/07\/11\/konkordato-surecinin-karsiliksiz-cek-sucuna-etkisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Konkordato S\u00fcrecinin Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00c7ek Su\u00e7una Etkisi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Giri\u015f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ekonomik darbo\u011fazdaki \u015firketlerin finansal rehabilitasyonu i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen konkordato m\u00fcessesesi ile ticari itibar\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7ek su\u00e7u aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki, yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131yla \u015fekillenmektedir. Yarg\u0131tay 19. Ceza Dairesi\u2019nin yerle\u015fik i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131, \u00e7ekin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kma tarihinin (su\u00e7 tarihinin) konkordato s\u00fcrecinin hangi a\u015famas\u0131na denk geldi\u011fine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 hukuki sonu\u00e7lar \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Temel Ayr\u0131m: Su\u00e7 Tarihi ve Konkordato M\u00fchleti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yarg\u0131tay, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7ek su\u00e7u ile konkordato ili\u015fkisini incelerken, su\u00e7un \u201cani hareketli\u201d bir su\u00e7 oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011finden hareketle ikili bir tasnif yapmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1. Konkordato Talebinden \u00d6nce Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00c7\u0131kan \u00c7ekler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Su\u00e7un t\u00fcm unsurlar\u0131, hen\u00fcz konkordato davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015fse (\u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131zd\u0131r \u015ferhi m\u00fchletten \u00f6nce vurulmu\u015fsa), su\u00e7 tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bekletici Sorun Yap\u0131lamaz:<\/strong>\u00a0Yarg\u0131tay\u2019a g\u00f6re, su\u00e7 i\u015flendi\u011fi anda ortada bir belirsizlik yoktur. Bor\u00e7lu, \u00e7ek kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bankada bulundurmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr ve bu iradesi hen\u00fcz bir komiser veya mahkeme k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131na tabi de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cezai Sorumluluk:<\/strong>\u00a0Bu durumda a\u00e7\u0131lan ceza davas\u0131, sonradan a\u00e7\u0131lan konkordato davas\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zd\u0131r ve yarg\u0131laman\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren yasal bir engel bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2. Konkordato M\u00fchlet S\u00fcreci \u0130\u00e7inde Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00c7\u0131kan \u00c7ekler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u015eirket hen\u00fcz \u201cyo\u011fun bak\u0131mda\u201d iken (m\u00fchlet s\u00fcreci i\u00e7inde) bankaya ibraz edilen ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7ekler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan durum farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Yarg\u0131tay, bu a\u015famada&nbsp;<strong>CMK m. 218\/1<\/strong>&nbsp;uyar\u0131nca \u201cBekletici Sorun\u201d karar\u0131 verilmesini zorunlu g\u00f6rmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Bekletici Sorun Yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n Gerek\u00e7eleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yarg\u0131tay\u2019a g\u00f6re m\u00fchlet i\u00e7inde ibraz edilen \u00e7ekler i\u00e7in \u015fu belirsizlikler mevcuttur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Failin Belirlenememesi:<\/strong>\u00a0\u015eirket y\u00f6netiminin kimde oldu\u011fu (y\u00f6netici mi, komiser mi?) ve \u00f6deme yetkisinin k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131p k\u0131s\u0131tlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirsizdir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Su\u00e7un Konusuz Kalma \u0130htimali:<\/strong>\u00a0Konkordato tasdik edilirse, \u00e7ekin bedeli ve vadesi mahkeme karar\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015fecektir. Bu durum, su\u00e7un konusunu ve ceza miktar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkiler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hukuki \u00c7eli\u015fki:<\/strong>\u00a0Bir hukuk mahkemesi (Ticaret Mahkemesi) borcun vadesini ve miktar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden belirlerken, Ceza Mahkemesinin eski vade ve miktar \u00fczerinden ceza vermesi hukuk g\u00fcvenli\u011fini zedeler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Konkordato Yarg\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131n Sonucuna G\u00f6re Verilecek Kararlar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bekletici sorun yap\u0131lan ceza davas\u0131nda, Ticaret Mahkemesinin karar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u015fu sonu\u00e7lar do\u011far:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Senaryo<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Cezai Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Konkordato Tasdik Edilirse<\/strong><\/td><td>\u015eirket yetkililerinin cezai sorumlulu\u011fu do\u011fmaz,&nbsp;<strong>BERAAT<\/strong>&nbsp;karar\u0131 verilir.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Konkordato Reddedilirse (i)<\/strong><\/td><td>Y\u00f6netim yetkisi komiserde ise y\u00f6netici sorumlu tutulamaz,&nbsp;<strong>BERAAT<\/strong>&nbsp;karar\u0131 verilir.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Konkordato Reddedilirse (ii)<\/strong><\/td><td>Y\u00f6netim yetkisi y\u00f6neticide kalm\u0131\u015fsa,&nbsp;<strong>CEZA\u0130 SORUMLULUK<\/strong>&nbsp;devam eder.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. De\u011ferlendirme ve Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, \u201cileri tarihli (postdate) \u00e7ek\u201d ger\u00e7e\u011fini kabul eden ve bor\u00e7luyu mahkeme kararlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7eli\u015fkiden koruyan bir mant\u0131\u011fa dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>E\u011fer \u00e7ek m\u00fchletten \u00f6nce kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015fsa, \u201cekonomik acz\u201d mazeret kabul edilmez ve ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ancak \u00e7ek m\u00fchlet i\u00e7inde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015fsa, konkordatonun ak\u0131beti beklenmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu i\u00e7tihat, konkordato s\u00fcrecindeki bir tacirin projesini zora sokacak \u015fekilde \u00e7ek bedelini \u00f6demeye zorlanmas\u0131 ile alacakl\u0131n\u0131n cezai \u015fikayet hakk\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi,&nbsp;<strong>konkordatonun tasdiki halinde beraat<\/strong>&nbsp;form\u00fcl\u00fcyle \u00e7\u00f6zm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Netice itibariyle, m\u00fchlet i\u00e7inde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z kalan \u00e7ekler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ceza davas\u0131 bir \u201cask\u0131da kalma\u201d s\u00fcreci ya\u015far; tasdik karar\u0131yla birlikte ise su\u00e7un maddi konusu hukuken de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in ceza sorumlulu\u011fu ortadan kalkar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Giri\u015f Ekonomik darbo\u011fazdaki \u015firketlerin finansal rehabilitasyonu i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen konkordato m\u00fcessesesi ile ticari itibar\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7layan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7ek su\u00e7u aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki, yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131yla \u015fekillenmektedir. Yarg\u0131tay 19. Ceza Dairesi\u2019nin yerle\u015fik i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131, \u00e7ekin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kma tarihinin (su\u00e7 tarihinin) konkordato s\u00fcrecinin hangi a\u015famas\u0131na denk geldi\u011fine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 hukuki sonu\u00e7lar \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. 2. Temel Ayr\u0131m: Su\u00e7 Tarihi ve Konkordato M\u00fchleti [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2790,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-icra-hukuku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2798","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2798"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2798\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2799,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2798\/revisions\/2799"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2790"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2798"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2798"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2798"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}