{"id":2654,"date":"2026-07-06T15:03:09","date_gmt":"2026-07-06T15:03:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/?p=2654"},"modified":"2026-07-06T15:03:12","modified_gmt":"2026-07-06T15:03:12","slug":"okulda-meydana-gelen-olayda-idarenin-sorumlulugu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/2026\/07\/06\/okulda-meydana-gelen-olayda-idarenin-sorumlulugu\/","title":{"rendered":"Okulda Meydana Gelen Olayda \u0130darenin Sorumlulu\u011fu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Devletin kamu hizmeti olarak sundu\u011fu e\u011fitim faaliyetleri, \u00f6\u011frencilerin bedensel ve ruhsal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fcklerinin korunmas\u0131 sorumlulu\u011funu da beraberinde getirir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, okulda meydana gelen kazalarda \u00f6\u011frencinin zarar g\u00f6rmesi durumunda, idarenin hizmet kusuru ya da kusursuz sorumlulu\u011fu g\u00fcndeme gelebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Devlet okullar\u0131nda meydana gelen kazalarda zarar g\u00f6ren \u00f6\u011frenci veya velileri idareye kar\u015f\u0131 tazminat \u2013&nbsp;<strong>tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131<\/strong>&nbsp;a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131, 2577 say\u0131l\u0131&nbsp;<strong>\u0130dari Yarg\u0131lama Usul\u00fc Kanunu<\/strong>\u2019nun 2. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olup,&nbsp;<strong>idari eylem veya i\u015flemler nedeniyle ki\u015fisel haklar\u0131 ihlal edilen ki\u015filerin u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 zararlar\u0131n tazmini<\/strong>&nbsp;amac\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lan dava t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>AY m.125\/son<\/strong>: \u201c\u0130dare, kendi eylem ve i\u015flemlerinden do\u011fan zarar\u0131 \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0130YUK m.2\/1-b<\/strong>: Tam yarg\u0131 davalar\u0131, idari eylem veya i\u015flemden kaynaklanan zararlar\u0131n giderilmesi istemiyle a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0130darenin Sorumlulu\u011funun \u0130rdelenmesi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2013 Hizmet Kusuru<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Okul, e\u011fitim hizmetini sunarken \u00f6\u011frencilerin can g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. G\u00f6zetim eksikli\u011fi, tehlikeli ortamlar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmemesi veya personel ihmali durumunda&nbsp;<strong>hizmet kusuru<\/strong>&nbsp;do\u011far.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00d6\u011frencinin denetimsiz bir alanda oyun oynarken d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp yaralanmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Merdivenlerde kaygan zemin nedeniyle olu\u015fan kazalar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Denetimsiz spor faaliyetleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fan sakatlanmalar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2013 Kusursuz Sorumluluk<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Baz\u0131 durumlarda idare, kusuru olmasa bile&nbsp;<strong>riziko (tehlike) sorumlulu\u011fu<\/strong>&nbsp;veya&nbsp;<strong>fedak\u00e2rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n denkle\u015ftirilmesi<\/strong>&nbsp;ilkesi uyar\u0131nca tazminle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Dava S\u00fcreci<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00d6n Ko\u015ful: \u0130dareye Ba\u015fvuru<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130dari eyleme (\u00f6rne\u011fin kaza) dayal\u0131 tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131 a\u00e7madan \u00f6nce&nbsp;<strong>idareye ba\u015fvuru \u015fart\u0131<\/strong>&nbsp;aran\u0131r (\u0130YUK m.13). Zarar g\u00f6ren, olaydan itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde ve her h\u00e2l\u00fck\u00e2rda be\u015f y\u0131l ge\u00e7meden ilgili idareye ba\u015fvurarak tazminat talebinde bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ba\u015fvuruya Cevap, Red, Z\u0131mni Red<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0130dare ba\u015fvuruyu reddedebilir. Veya idare ba\u015fvuruya 30 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde cevap vermezse z\u0131mnen reddetmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r. Bu durumda ba\u015fvurucu<strong>&nbsp;red tarihinden itibaren 60 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde<\/strong>&nbsp;dava a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tazminat\u0131n Kapsam\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.1 Maddi Tazminat<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>G\u00fc\u00e7 kayb\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tedavi giderleri<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kazan\u00e7 kayb\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gelecekte olu\u015facak ekonomik zararlar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.2 Manevi Tazminat<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00d6\u011frencinin fiziksel\/psikolojik travmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kal\u0131c\u0131 hasarlar nedeniyle duyulan ac\u0131 ve elem<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>EMSAL KARARLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dan\u0131\u015ftay 8. Dairesi 2021\/995 E. , 2021\/1312 K. Say\u0131l\u0131 emsal karar\u0131nda;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u2026 Bak\u0131lan davada; davac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n okulda ders aras\u0131nda, merdiven korkuluklar\u0131ndan kaymak istedi\u011fi s\u0131rada arkadan ba\u015fka bir \u00f6\u011frencinin itmesi sonucu dengesini kaybederek yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve bu d\u00fc\u015fme sonucu kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 \u015fikayeti ile ailesi taraf\u0131ndan hastaneye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesi sonucunda dala\u011f\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 olay\u0131nda, idarenin bu zarar\u0131n olu\u015fumunda do\u011frudan etkisi bulunmamakla birlikte, \u00f6\u011frencinin okul idaresinin g\u00f6zetim ve denetiminde bulundu\u011fu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda meydana geldi\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, daval\u0131 idarenin kusursuz sorumluluk ilkesi uyar\u0131nca zarar\u0131 tazmin sorumlu\u011fu bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu durumda, \u00f6\u011frencinin okul idaresinin g\u00f6zetim ve denetiminde bulundu\u011fu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda meydana gelen olay sonucu olu\u015fan mevcut zarar\u0131n, idarenin kusursuz sorumlulu\u011fu kapsam\u0131nda gerekli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131larak olay sebebiyle davac\u0131da olu\u015fan zarar\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in dosyan\u0131n gerekirse adli t\u0131bba g\u00f6nderilmesi ve sonras\u0131nda tazminat miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi i\u00e7in bilirki\u015fi incelemesi yapt\u0131r\u0131lmak suretiyle maddi ve takdir edilecek manevi zarar\u0131n mahkemece tazminine karar verilmesi gerekir \u2026\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klama ve h\u00fckm\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dan\u0131\u015ftay 8. Dairesi 2015\/14517 E., 2017\/896 K. Say\u0131l\u0131 emsal karar\u0131nda;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u0130darenin kamu hizmetinin yerine getirilmesinde kusuru olmasa bile okulda meydana gelebilecek olan zararlardan sorumlu tutulmas\u0131 hukukun genel ilkeleri ile hak ve nesafet kurallar\u0131 gere\u011fidir. Bu durumda, okul bah\u00e7esinde basketbol oynayan \u00f6\u011fretmenin geri geri gitmek suretiyle davac\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenci ile \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu meydana gelen olay nedeniyle idarenin kusursuz sorumluluk ilkesi uyar\u0131nca zarar\u0131 tazmin sorumlulu\u011fu\u201d bulundu\u011funa h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dan\u0131\u015ftay 8. Dairesi 2009\/615 E., 2011\/6305 K. Say\u0131l\u0131 emsal karar\u0131nda;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u2026 bir \u00f6\u011frencinin parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bah\u00e7e kap\u0131s\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 olay\u0131nda okul saatlerini dikkate alarak \u201cbu durumda, okul ders saati i\u00e7erisinde meydana gelen olay nedeniyle idarenin kusursuz sorumluluk ilkesi uyar\u0131nca zarar\u0131 tazmin sorumlulu\u011fu \u2026 Bulundu\u011funa,\u201d h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dan\u0131\u015ftay 8. Dairesi 2010\/940 E., 2012\/10038 K. Say\u0131l\u0131 emsal karar\u0131nda;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u2026 teneff\u00fcste kap\u0131ya parmak s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olay\u0131nda \u201cbu durumda, teneff\u00fcste meydana gelen olayda idarenin kusursuz sorumluluk ilkesi uyar\u0131nca zarar\u0131 tazmin sorumlulu\u011fu oldu\u011funa \u2026\u201d h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dan\u0131\u015ftay 8. Dairesi 2005\/110 E., 2016\/442 K. Say\u0131l\u0131 emsal karar\u0131nda;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cokulun bah\u00e7esindeyken kim taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli olmayan ta\u015f\u0131n \u00e7arpmas\u0131 sonucu sa\u011f g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6rme yetene\u011fini tamamen yitirmesi nedeniyle ilk derece mahkemesinin, kusursuz sorumluluk ilkesi uyar\u0131nca tazminata h\u00fckmetti\u011fi\u201d karar\u0131n\u0131 onam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dan\u0131\u015ftay 8. Dairesinin 2014\/7466 E., 2015\/1717 K. Say\u0131l\u0131 emsal karar\u0131nda;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u2026Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k konusu olayda, lise \u00f6\u011frencisi olan davac\u0131n\u0131n okul bah\u00e7esinde teneff\u00fcs esnas\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir \u00f6\u011frencinin elindeki ajanda kapa\u011f\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanan mukavva par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 rastgele f\u0131rlatmas\u0131 sonucu g\u00f6z\u00fcne isabet etmesi neticesinde bir g\u00f6z\u00fcnde g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131 olu\u015ftu\u011fu, davac\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6z\u00fcnde g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7an olayda mukavva f\u0131rlatan \u00f6\u011frencinin mukavva par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 olay meydana gelmeden \u00f6nce de birka\u00e7 kez rastgele f\u0131rlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131; n\u00f6bet\u00e7i \u00f6\u011fretmenin n\u00f6bet s\u00fcresince g\u00f6rev yerinde bulunmas\u0131 halinde fark edilip \u00f6nlenebilecek bir olay iken, g\u00f6rev yerinde bulunmamas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00f6nlenemedi\u011fi, olay sonras\u0131nda da ne n\u00f6bet\u00e7i \u00f6\u011fretmenin olaya m\u00fcdahale etti\u011fine ne de okul idaresinin olaydan haberdar edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin tutulmu\u015f bir tutanak olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, okul idaresinin de bu durumu 20-25 g\u00fcn sonra \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fini belirtti\u011fi, olay\u0131n idarenin denetim ve g\u00f6zetim g\u00f6revinden kaynaklanan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini tam anlam\u0131yla yerine getirmemesi sonucu meydana geldi\u011fi, g\u00f6zetim ve denetim g\u00f6revini yerine getirmi\u015f olsayd\u0131 olay\u0131n engellenebilece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \/ Bu durumda, idarenin faaliyet alan\u0131 ile ilgili olarak \u00f6nlemekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu halde \u00f6nleyememesi nedeniyle olu\u015ftu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan mevcut zarar\u0131n, hizmet kusuru kapsam\u0131nda gerekli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131larak davac\u0131da olu\u015fan g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131n\u0131n oran\u0131n\u0131n tespiti i\u00e7in adli t\u0131bba g\u00f6nderilmesi ve sonras\u0131nda tazminat miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi ad\u0131na bilirki\u015fi incelemesi yapt\u0131r\u0131lmak suretiyle maddi ve manevi zarar\u0131n mahkemece tazmin edilmesi gerekir\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klama ve h\u00fckm\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu hususlarda ba\u015fka emsal kararlar da mevcuttur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Devletin kamu hizmeti olarak sundu\u011fu e\u011fitim faaliyetleri, \u00f6\u011frencilerin bedensel ve ruhsal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fcklerinin korunmas\u0131 sorumlulu\u011funu da beraberinde getirir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, okulda meydana gelen kazalarda \u00f6\u011frencinin zarar g\u00f6rmesi durumunda, idarenin hizmet kusuru ya da kusursuz sorumlulu\u011fu g\u00fcndeme gelebilir. Devlet okullar\u0131nda meydana gelen kazalarda zarar g\u00f6ren \u00f6\u011frenci veya velileri idareye kar\u015f\u0131 tazminat \u2013&nbsp;tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131&nbsp;a\u00e7abilir. Tam yarg\u0131 davas\u0131, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2612,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-idare-hukuku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2654","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2654"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2654\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2655,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2654\/revisions\/2655"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2654"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2654"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2654"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}