{"id":2652,"date":"2026-07-06T15:01:59","date_gmt":"2026-07-06T15:01:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/?p=2652"},"modified":"2026-07-06T15:02:03","modified_gmt":"2026-07-06T15:02:03","slug":"belediye-yikim-kararlarinda-en-sik-yapilan-hatalar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/2026\/07\/06\/belediye-yikim-kararlarinda-en-sik-yapilan-hatalar\/","title":{"rendered":"Belediye y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131nda en s\u0131k yap\u0131lan hatalar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0130mar hukukunda, belediyelere ve il \u00f6zel idarelerine kanunla verilen en \u00f6nemli yetkilerden biri, ruhsats\u0131z veya ruhsat ve eklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131lar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131na karar verme<\/strong> yetkisidir.
Ancak bu yetki, kamu g\u00fcc\u00fc kullan\u0131m\u0131yla \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyete do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahale<\/strong> anlam\u0131na geldi\u011finden, hem usul hem de gerek\u00e7e bak\u0131m\u0131ndan<\/strong> son derece dikkatli kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uygulamada belediyeler, y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman aceleyle ya da usule ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde tesis etmekte; bu durum da idari yarg\u0131da iptal davalar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> \u00e7o\u011funda idare aleyhine sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Y\u0131k\u0131m Karar\u0131n\u0131n Dayana\u011f\u0131: \u0130mar Kanunu m.32 ve m.42<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131n\u0131n hukuki dayana\u011f\u0131 esas olarak 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun 32. maddesi<\/strong>dir.
Bu maddeye g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201cRuhsats\u0131z veya ruhsat ve eklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131lan yap\u0131lar belediye veya valiliklerce tespit edilir, m\u00fch\u00fcrlenir ve durum yap\u0131 sahibine bildirilir. Verilen s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k giderilmezse y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 verilebilmesi i\u00e7in<\/strong> \u00f6ncelikle tespit, m\u00fch\u00fcrleme, s\u00fcre verme ve ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmemesi gerekir.
Ne var ki belediyeler bu a\u015famalardan bir veya birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131 atlayarak do\u011frudan y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131<\/strong> tesis etmekte, bu da i\u015flemi hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 hale getirmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

En S\u0131k G\u00f6r\u00fclen Hatalar<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

a) Tespit ve M\u00fch\u00fcrleme \u0130\u015fleminin Usuls\u00fcz Yap\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Bir yap\u0131n\u0131n ruhsats\u0131z veya ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funun teknik raporla<\/strong> tespit edilmesi gerekir.
Uygulamada bazen belediye personeli, hi\u00e7bir teknik inceleme yapmadan sadece \u015fik\u00e2yet dilek\u00e7esine dayanarak tespit tutana\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlemektedir.
Bu durumda i\u015flem eksik incelemeye dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong> i\u00e7in iptal edilmektedir.
Ayr\u0131ca m\u00fch\u00fcrleme i\u015flemi yap\u0131lmadan y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 verilmesi, \u0130mar Kanunu m.32\u2019ye a\u00e7\u0131k ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong> te\u015fkil eder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

b) Yap\u0131 Sahibine Bildirim Yap\u0131lmamas\u0131<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131, ilgilisine tebli\u011f edilmeden<\/strong> uygulanamaz.
Dan\u0131\u015ftay kararlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, malik, yap\u0131 sahibi veya fiilen in\u015faat\u0131 yapan ki\u015fi, karar\u0131n taraf\u0131d\u0131r.
Baz\u0131 belediyeler, yaln\u0131zca ta\u015f\u0131nmaz malikine tebligat yap\u0131p, fiili yap\u0131 sahibine bildirim yapmadan i\u015flem tesis etmektedir.
Bu durumda, savunma hakk\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan<\/strong> y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 iptal edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c) Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n Giderilmesi \u0130\u00e7in S\u00fcre Verilmemesi<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u0130mar Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re, belediye, tespitten sonra ilgilisine \u201cayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 gidermesi i\u00e7in uygun s\u00fcre\u201d<\/strong> vermelidir.
Bu s\u00fcre verilmeden al\u0131nan y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131, usul eksikli\u011fi nedeniyle<\/strong> iptale konu olur.
Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n yerle\u015fik i\u00e7tihad\u0131na g\u00f6re, bu s\u00fcre makul olmal\u0131<\/strong> ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 bildirimle<\/strong> tebli\u011f edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

d) Gerek\u00e7esiz veya Belirsiz Y\u0131k\u0131m Kararlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Bir\u00e7ok belediye, y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca \u201cruhsats\u0131z yap\u0131\u201d veya \u201cproje d\u0131\u015f\u0131 imalat\u201d ifadesini kullanmaktad\u0131r.
Ancak y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131n\u0131n, hangi k\u0131sm\u0131n hangi gerek\u00e7eyle y\u0131k\u0131laca\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, hangi mevzuat h\u00fckm\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k bulundu\u011fu<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmelidir.
Aksi takdirde karar, gerek\u00e7esizlik nedeniyle<\/strong> 2577 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130dari Yarg\u0131lama Usul\u00fc Kanunu uyar\u0131nca iptal edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

e) Y\u0131k\u0131m Yetkisinin Yanl\u0131\u015f Makam Taraf\u0131ndan Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131, belediye enc\u00fcmeni taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.
Uygulamada belediye ba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n veya fen i\u015fleri m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn tek ba\u015f\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.
Bu durumda, yetki unsuru sakatland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan<\/strong> i\u015flem hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 hale gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

f) Y\u0131k\u0131m \u00d6ncesi Savunma Hakk\u0131n\u0131n Tan\u0131nmamas\u0131<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesi uyar\u0131nca herkesin hak arama ve savunma hakk\u0131<\/strong> vard\u0131r.
Belediye, y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 vermeden \u00f6nce ilgilisine savunma hakk\u0131 tan\u0131mal\u0131d\u0131r.
Dan\u0131\u015ftay, bu hakk\u0131n tan\u0131nmamas\u0131n\u0131 \u201ca\u011f\u0131r usul hatas\u0131\u201d olarak nitelendirmekte ve i\u015flemi iptal etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

g) Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n M\u00fclkiyet Durumunun \u0130ncelenmemesi<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Baz\u0131 belediyeler, tapuda kamuya ait ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar veya \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyetteki alanlarda y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 al\u0131rken m\u00fclkiyet stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmadan<\/strong> i\u015flem yapmaktad\u0131r.
Oysa ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n imar plan\u0131ndaki konumu<\/strong> ve m\u00fclkiyet durumu<\/strong> belirlenmeden al\u0131nan kararlar, yetki ve sebep y\u00f6n\u00fcnden sakat olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Belediyelerin y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahale eden a\u011f\u0131r idari i\u015flemler<\/strong>dir.
Bu nedenle, tespit, m\u00fch\u00fcrleme, tebligat, savunma hakk\u0131 ve gerek\u00e7elendirme a\u015famalar\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hata, i\u015flemi hukuken sakatlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dan\u0131\u015ftay\u2019\u0131n son y\u0131llardaki kararlar\u0131nda da g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, belediyelerin y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131, usul eksiklikleri nedeniyle iptal edilmektedir.<\/strong>
Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, y\u0131k\u0131m i\u015flemi tesis edilirken hem 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun emredici h\u00fck\u00fcmleri<\/strong> hem de Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n temel ilkeleri<\/strong> g\u00f6zetilmelidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130mar hukukunda, belediyelere ve il \u00f6zel idarelerine kanunla verilen en \u00f6nemli yetkilerden biri, ruhsats\u0131z veya ruhsat ve eklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131lar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131na karar verme yetkisidir.Ancak bu yetki, kamu g\u00fcc\u00fc kullan\u0131m\u0131yla \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyete do\u011frudan m\u00fcdahale anlam\u0131na geldi\u011finden, hem usul hem de gerek\u00e7e bak\u0131m\u0131ndan son derece dikkatli kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Uygulamada belediyeler, y\u0131k\u0131m kararlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman aceleyle ya da usule ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde tesis etmekte; bu durum […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2616,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2652","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-idare-hukuku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2652","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2652"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2652\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2653,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2652\/revisions\/2653"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2616"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2652"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2652"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/hukuk.name\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2652"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}